Yes, it is science. So for those of you that don't enjoy the technical detail, let's talk:
- The predominant type of wind turbine design is much like the propeller on an aircraft - it turns on a horizontal shaft. As it turns, it rotates a generator that gets those electrons lined up and moving along a wire. Down the line, a charge controller device or simple battery charger manages those electrons and charges the battery array.
- The battery is actually a chemical storage device. It contains a number of lead plates that interact with a solution of sulfuric acid and water. The battery's main purpose is to store electrical energy - like a fuel tank in your truck or car. As the solar array and charge controller work to charge the batteries, the mostly water and sulfuric acid solution changes to a higher concentration, until the battery is at its maximum charge. When your battery discharges to run your lights and refrigerator and other appliances, the solution causes electrons to flow out of the battery to your inverter.
- The inverter is a device that changes the DC power of the solar array and batteries into AC power. AC is what your home appliances use, and is exactly what the electrical grid provides to homes that are connected to the grid.
A note about wind and its place in the off grid system - it isn't for everybody. The sun rises and sets every day. The next time it decides not to rise, we have other things to worry about. But the wind isn't quite so predictable. When measured over long periods, say over several years, it appears to be quite reliable. And generally, it is seasonally predictable. In other words, when it decides to make itself available, it is very helpful in charging our batteries.
- There are places where wind is more reliable and predictable - near the coasts where ocean meets landmass, in many western regions of the US, other. As an experienced installer, I know to recommend a hybrid system (solar AND wind turbine) for my off grid customers that absolutely live in a known and reliable channel of wind.
- Everything boils down to economics. Therefore, in my discovery discussions with my prospects, I first talk about ways to conserve energy. I secondly try to learn their motivation and tolerance levels for living off grid. Finally, educate on the solar / wind / backup generator complement of generating components. You should know that the cost to install equal amounts of watt output for a wind turbine is quite a bit higher than for a solar array, but it can make great sense if your site has a reliable annual wind factor.
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